Selenium is a collection of tools and libraries that enable and support automation for web browsers, Selenium follows the W3c WebDriver Specification standard, which is important due to allows you to create interchangeable code for all major web browsers. Also is a truly open source project under Apache version 2.0 license. This time we will review how to build a browser functionality validation using Selenium, Cucumber, and TestNG. First, let’s create a new Maven project using IntelliJ and select Java 17 version, your pom.xml file should look like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.josdem.selenium.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-cucumber</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.version>17</java.version>
<maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
</project>
Now, let’s add selenium-java, cucumber-java, cucumber-testing, and cucumber-core dependencies.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.josdem.selenium.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-cucumber</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<selenium-java-version>4.8.0</selenium-java-version>
<testng-version>7.7.1</testng-version>
<cucumber-version>7.11.1</cucumber-version>
<java.version>17</java.version>
<maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
<version>${selenium-java-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
<version>${testng-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-core</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber-version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
In the same level as pom.xml, let’s create a new file named testng.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "https://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Test Suite" verbose="1">
<test name="Regression Tests">
<classes>
<class name="com.josdem.selenium.cucumber.TestRunner">
</class>
</classes>
</test>
</suite>
As you can see our group id is: com.josdem.selenium.cucumber, therefore, we need a Java class in src/test/java named TestRunner with this structure:
package com.josdem.selenium.cucumber;
import io.cucumber.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests;
import io.cucumber.testng.CucumberOptions;
@CucumberOptions(
plugin = {
"pretty",
"html:target/cucumber-reports/cucumber.html",
"json:target/cucumber-reports/cucumber.json"
},
features = {"src/test/resources/features"},
glue = {"com.josdem.selenium.cucumber.steps"},
tags = "@smoke")
public class TestRunner extends AbstractTestNGCucumberTests {}
That’s it, in this file we are defining our feature home directory, let’s create a simple feature file there.
@smoke
Feature: josdem Test
Scenario: Validates josdem website title
Given Website as "https://josdem.io/"
When I get title
Then I validate is "josdem"
And the steps definition goes in com.josdem.selenium.cucumber.steps package
package com.josdem.selenium.cucumber.steps;
import io.cucumber.java.en.Given;
import io.cucumber.java.en.Then;
import io.cucumber.java.en.When;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import static org.testng.Assert.assertTrue;
public class WebsiteStep {
private WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
private String title;
@Given("^Website as \"(.*)\"$")
public void loadingWebsite(String website) {
driver.get(website);
}
@When("^I get title$")
public void getTitle() {
driver.manage().window().maximize();
title = driver.getTitle();
}
@Then("^I validate is \"(.*)\"$")
public void validateTitle(String name) {
assertTrue(title.equals(name));
driver.close();
}
}
ChromeDriver is a separate executable that Selenium uses to control Chrome, if you are using a Linux distribution, just download it and store it at /usr/bin if you are using macOS store it at /usr/local/bin, otherwise, please follow the instructions here. As you can see in the previous WebsisteStep class, we are using regular expressions to pass arguments or values from feature file to the step definitions. Finally, you can execute this project with command:
mvn test
To browse the code go here, to download the project:
git clone git@github.com:josdem/selenium-cucumber.git